Friday, February 9, 2018

Amazon is conquering logistics, then wine

In a world in which Amazon seems to be taking over, it seems noteworthy when the company backs down from a challenge. This is what happened with wine – at least for the time being.

Amazon Wine was launched in 2012 and shut down just recently, at the end of 2017. Its history is well summarized by Tech Crunch (https://techcrunch.com/2017/10/23/amazon-wine-is-shutting-down/). The story boils down to the company not being able to deal with the restrictive regulations around wine that we discussed in class – a classic case of what a conservative-minded person might point to as “overregulation of the markets”. But this isn’t the first time Amazon has run into regulations (take, for example, their battle with the FAA on drones http://fortune.com/2015/04/29/drones-amazon-letter-faa/). So why is it giving up on its own wine marketplace?

Instead, Amazon seems to be abandoning its wine platform while doubling down on its logistics services, such as Amazon Fresh and and Prime now. Right now, it’s rolling these services out in new cities, including deliveries of alcohol (mostly beer). At the same time, the Whole Foods acquisition seems to be part of the picture. Now that Amazon has a nation-wide brick-and-mortar presence throughout the US with stores that are already licensed to sell beer and wine, it may be able to leverage its logistics advantage into capturing the market that Amazon Wine could not. After all, its ability to deliver wine more quickly (via Amazon Prime) may trump a platform that delivers variety (such as Wine.com, which has not been doing so well either). 

Duane Stanford, executive editor at Beverage Digest, noted in an interview:  "The three-tier alcohol distribution system is a complicated web of state-by-state laws that make it tough to scale online delivery… If anyone can apply pressure and creativity to the problem, however, it's Amazon, and Whole Foods gives Bezos yet another paint brush.” (https://www.cnbc.com/2017/09/17/getting-alcohol-delivery-on-amazon--will-whole-foods-help.html). Will Amazon use some of its creativity and political capital to change the regulatory structure? Will the company be the savior of anti-regulation advocates in the industry by using its might to simplify the system? Is the wine industry worth fighting for among all of Amazon's other priorities? 

Interview with Wine Tasmania

When researching my midterm paper I recently I got the opportunity to correspond with Sheralee Davies, CEO of Wine Tasmania. Wine Tasmania is an independent, non-profit organization, financed by its member businesses, that promotes the interest of Tasmanian wine. Below are a few key excerpts I thought would be worth sharing with the class, and very much related to Terry’s talk on brand building. Visiting Tasmania I felt a strong sense of community, craft, and a common story. Making wine on an isolated island provides challenges around profitability and export potential, but also provides an opportunity for tourism and a unique brand identity. Wine producers in Tasmania have done an incredible job coming together and leveraging the Tasmanian brand as an asset. I left wanting to promote Tasmanian wine but also the place itself, and feeling that the two were inextricably linked.  

Sarah: What are Tasmania's "unfair advantages" when it comes to wine?

Sheralee: Some are natural - in a cool climate, vintage variability is significant. Yields may vary by as much as 50% year on year and this makes it challenging, particularly from a profitability perspective. As a cool climate, our risks are elevated, with fruit hanging on the vine for a long term as it develops its intensity of flavour and structure. Also, as an island there are logistical challenges and costs associated with transporting wine, equipment, bottles (etc.) to and from the island. We often talk about 'high risk, high reward'.

Sarah: What is the "Tasmanian brand" and how is that an asset?

Sheralee: We have developed a specific Tasmanian Wine Brand platform, which is aligned to the Tasmanian Tourism Brand. I can't share the full details with you, as it's been developed to provide a commercial benefit to Tasmanian wine producers. In summary, it positions us as an adolescent, in light of our relatively short history, and all that goes with it - anti-establishment, confident, wacky, unbridled, rebellious. The key benefits are that it allows us to differentiate Tasmania from other wine regions, unifies producers and is aligned to encouraging tourism. Tasmania is the first thing we talk about in promoting our wines - not just our wines, but the place, the people, the produce, the experience (etc.) - it's incredibly important and powerful.

Sarah: How do Tasmanian wineries plan to build brand equity internationally?

Sheralee: Collaboratively. It starts with regional promotion of Tasmania, then each wine producer can share their own stories and grow their own markets. The promotion of Tasmania includes collaboration not just between wine producers, but also with other Tasmanian produce, tourism offerings, attractions and experiences.

Sarah: I would love to hear more about the potential for and pain points of exporting Tasmanian wine, and inroads made here.

Sheralee: There is significant global interest in Tasmanian wine and recognition of its quality due the very significant and long term efforts of wine producers. However, we only produce the rough annual equivalent of 630,000 dozen (9L) and most of our wine businesses are micro or small. Additionally, our cool climate creates significant vintage variation, meaning that availability of wine to sell changes year by year. Many Tasmanian wine producers are therefore best to focus on the domestic market, particularly through cellar door and direct sales - this helps their bottom line as well as their relationship with customers. Exporting comes with a need to service markets, to label wines differently, to obtain an export license, local importer (etc.) - if wine businesses can sell in the domestic market, this makes the best sense for many. There are approximately 15 'active' Tasmanian wine exporters, who are doing an excellent job of promoting the island's wines. Key current markets are the UK, USA, mainland China, Finland and Hong Kong - the major focus for export is the value per litre, rather than volumes.

Sarah: Where do you see the Tasmanian wine market in ten years? What most excites you about the future?

Sheralee: I expect Tasmanian wine to be far more prominent in key export markets, for people to have more knowledge about Tasmania, its wines and wine styles. I also expect that more wine lovers will be visiting Tasmania to seek out more of our wines, and that Tasmania will be recognised as one of the leading wine regions for quality and excitement. There is so much change and development occurring - more people moving to Tasmania to grow grapes and make wine, different clones and varieties being planted, different winemaking techniques (etc) - the innovation and where it will take Tasmanian wine is what is exciting.